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DISTRICT DATABASE - 2022

2.0. Operational jurisdiction of KVKs

District	New districts governed by the KVK after division of the district, if applicable	Taluks/Tehsils and/or Mandals under the KVKs jurisdiction
Ananthapuramu	Ananthapuramu and Sri Satya Sai	32

2.1. Major farming systems/enterprises (based on the analysis made by the KVK)

S. No	Farming system/enterprise
1	Agriculture
2	Agriculture + Livestock (Dairy/sheep/goat)
3	Agriculture + Sericulture
4	Agriculture + Horticulture
5	Agriculture+ Poultry

2.2. Description of Agro-climatic Zone & major agro ecological situations (based on soil and topography)

S. No

Agro-climatic Zone

Characteristics

Scarce rainfall Zone

Rainfall during South West monsoon range between 300-400mm while it is 150 – 240 mm during North East monsoon.
The temperatures during cropping period are well with in permissible limits for the crops
Red soils, red sandy loams, shallow and deep black soils are predominant. The important crops are groundnut, redgram, cotton, jowar and Bajra.
Tanks and borewells are important source of irrigation, TBHLC and KC canals supply irrigation for parts of the zone.

Low and erratic rainfall with shallow soils of low Water Holding Capacity are important problems in Anantapur district of the zone.

2.3. Soil types

S. No	Soil type	Characteristics	Area in ha
1	Canal irrigated black soils	7799	0.81
2	Canal irrigated red soils	21117	2.17
3	Tank irrigated black soils	4835	0.49
4	Tank irrigated red soils	18432	1.90
5	Well irrigated black soils	7921	0.81
6	Well irrigated red soils	80540	8.30
7	Rain fed black soils	110047	11.3
8	Rain fed red soils	718335	74.1
9	Problematic soils	190	0.01
	Total	969216	100

2.4. Area, Production and Productivity of major crops cultivated in the district for 2022

Crop	AREA (ha)			YIELD (Kg/ha)			PRODUCTION (tonnes)
Crop	KHARIF	RABI	TOTAL	KHARIF	RABI	TOTAL	KHARIF	RABI	TOTAL
Paddy	23267	9099	32366	3121	3902	3341	72616	35504	108120
Wheat	0	14	14	0	947	947	0	13	13
Jowar	1059	2097	3156	430	649	576	455	1361	1816
Bajra	1374	40	1414	753	753	753	1035	30	1065
Maize	23409	8938	32347	1670	5295	2672	39093	47327	86420
Ragi	2505	690	3195	618	2803	1090	1548	1934	3482
Sama	13	0	13	225	0	225	3	0	3
Korra	2706	687	3393	174	174	174	471	120	591
Arika	100	0	100	328	0	328	33	0	33
Horsegram	2214	794	3008	201	69	166	445	55	500
Greengram	805	537	1342	111	251	167	89	135	224
Blackgram	251	735	986	1023	1464	1352	257	1076	1333
Redgram	64861	0	64861	26	0	26	1686	0	1686
Bengalgram	8	82642	82650	239	239	239	2	19751	19753
Cowpea	265	102	367	186	1029	420	49	105	154
Fieldbean	9	20	29	290	1826	1349	3	37	40
Sugarcane	26	0	26	86077	0	86077	2238	0	2238
Sugarcane Gur	26	0	26	10731	0	10731	279	0	279
Cotton Kapas	42806	566	43372	387	387	387	16566	219	16785
Cotton lint	42806	566	43372	134	128	134	33668	426	34094
Groundnut	497162	42599	539761	156	1132	233	77557	48222	125779
Sesame	1	11	12	169	353	338	0	4	4
Safflower	20	180	200	1101	1101	1101	22	198	220
Sunflower	3418	1243	4661	169	619	289	578	769	1347
Rapeseed and Mustard	0	1	1	0	645	645	0	1	1
Soybean	319	18	337	277	277	277	88	5	93
Castor	9233	97	9330	164	164	164	1514	16	1530
Tobacco	1	9	10	2000	2000	2000	2	18	20

Crop	AREA (ha)			YIELD (Kg/ha)			PRODUCTION (tonnes)
Crop	KHARIF	RABI	TOTAL	KHARIF	RABI	TOTAL	KHARIF	RABI	TOTAL
Arecanut	1214	0	1214	7978	0	7978	9685	0	9685
Chilli	10598	518	11116	421	1504	471	4462	779	5241
Coriander	51	532	583	651	651	651	33	346	379
Tamarind	1313	0	1313	3927	0	3927	5156	0	5156
Ginger	3	0	3	2704	0	2704	8	0	8
Ajwan	71	25	96	182	182	182	13	5	18
Curryleaf	497	0	497	15443	0	15443	7675	0	7675
Coriander leaf	58	26	84	3361	243	2396	195	6	201
Orange and citrus fruits	435	0	435	1012	0	1012	440	0	440
Amla	37	0	37	15408	0	15408	570	0	570
Regu - Jujubies	107	0	107	5591	0	5591	598	0	598
Grapes	734	0	734	14625	0	14625	10735	0	10735
Papaya	1312	0	1312	35868	0	35868	47059	0	47059
Sapota	1192	0	1192	13436	0	13436	16016	0	16016
Pomogranate	6895	0	6895	6042	0	6042	41660	0	41660
Anjuara	76	0	76	894	0	894	68	0	68
Gangi regu - Ber	66	0	66	14570	0	14570	962	0	962
Custard apple	120	0	120	2290	0	2290	275	0	275
Muskmelon	116	1279	1395	18863	18863	18863	2188	24126	26314
Watermelon	133	1268	1401	24856	24856	24856	3306	31517	34823
Jamun - Neredu	593	0	593	2749	0	2749	1630	0	1630
Potato	18	33	51	8426	8426	8426	152	278	430
Carrot	5	27	32	11842	22659	20969	59	612	671
Radish	13	6	19	11394	11394	11394	148	68	216
Beetroot	13	29	42	18025	18025	18025	234	523	757
Yam	5	0	5	31133	0	31133	156	0	156
Colacasia - Chemagedda	1	0	1	17718	0	17718	18	0	18
Cucumber	206	93	299	10866	12000	11219	2238	1116	3354
Bittergourd	68	33	101	14857	4839	11584	1010	160	1170
Beans	146	191	337	8980	5420	6962	1311	1035	2346
Fieldbean	400	132	532	5349	5349	5349	2140	706	2846
Clusterbean	119	74	193	3456	4151	3722	411	307	718
Greenleafy vegetables	24	8	32	8595	8991	8694	206	72	278
Cabbage	26	15	41	20898	20898	20898	543	313	856
Cauliflower	1	4	5	22566	22566	22566	23	90	113
Bottlegourd	3	6	9	13301	23365	20010	40	140	180
Drumstick	159	7	166	5264	5264	5264	837	37	874
Coccnia	1	0	1	29041	0	29041	29	0	29
Ridgegourd	101	195	296	8961	23815	18747	905	4644	5549
Green chilli	1401	346	1747	2224	2266	2232	3116	784	3900
Green beans	8	14	22	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pumpkin	43	4	47	19240	19240	19240	827	77	904
Ash gourd	18	20	38	23224	23224	23224	418	464	882
Coconut	422	0	422	18362	0	18362	7749	0	7749
Ganuga	8	0	8	358	0	358	3	0	3
Cocoa	13	0	13	818	0	818	11	0	11
Betelvine	120	0	120	42390	0	42390	5087	0	5087
Ashwagandha	57	7	64	548	548	548	31	4	35
Rose	6	1	7	5721	5721	5721	34	6	40
Jasmine	47	0	47	43578	0	43578	2048	0	2048
Marigold	150	73	223	5522	6528	5851	828	477	1305
Chrysanthemum	256	49	305	5478	5478	5478	1402	268	1670
Crossandra	134	35	169	2703	2703	2703	362	95	457
Lily	50	0	50	3818	0	3818	191	0	191
Kagada	51	3	54	3752	3752	3752	191	11	202
Maruvam/ Dhavanam	0	13	13	0	12342	12342	0	160	160

2.5. Weather data

Month/Season	Ananthapuramu district			Sri Satya Sai district
Month/Season	Normal	Actual	Dev. (%)	Normal	Actual	Dev. (%)
June 2022	61.0	82.5	35	66.6	106.8	60
July 2022	63.9	61.8	-3	70.9	61.7	-13
August 2022	83.8	186.2	122	93.4	265.3	184
September 2022	110.9	118.8	7	125.6	84.9	-32
South West Monsoon	319.6	449.3	40.6	356.5	518.8	45.5
October 2022	100.9	143.3	42	120.1	174.9	46
November 2022	28.6	22.3	-22	40.6	28.8	-29
December 2022	9.8	33.2	239	10.0	67.0	567
North East Monsoon	139.3	198.8	42.7	170.8	270.7	59
Total	458.9	648.1	41.2	527.3	789.5	49.7

2.6. Production and productivity of livestock, Poultry, Fisheries etc. in the district (2022)

S.No	Livestock	Total Lakhs
1	Cows	5.31
2	Buffalos	3.12
3	Sheep's	53.24
4	Goats	8.78
5	Poultry	21.28
6	Pigs	0.01

Assessment of potentialities of the district by developing data base

Land utilization

Based on agro-climatic conditions, Anantapur district falls in scarce rainfall zone of Andhra Pradesh. The district has been divided into three revenue divisions consisting of 63 revenue mandals. The soils of Anantapur district comprise 87.4% of red soils, 12.5% black cotton soils, and 0.1% problematic soils. Major crops area wise are 86% groundnut, 3.3% paddy and 10.7% other crops. The major crop is groundnut grown in 7.0 lakh ha in red soils under rainfed conditions.

The total geographical area of the district is 19.13 lakh ha. The net area sown is 9.70 lakh ha which forms 51% of total area. The total cropped area is 10.16 lakh ha. The area sown more than once is just 0.39 lakh ha. The cultivable area of the district is 10.15 lakh ha of which 8.69 lakh ha is under kharif and 1.45 lakh ha is under rabi season. Groundnut is the main crop with 7.5 lakh ha which is purely rainfed in kharif season.

Out of the gross irrigated area of 1.72 lakh ha, canals account for 19.3%, tanks 3.2%, wells, tube wells 39.6% and other sources 37.9%.

The irrigation sources in the district are TBHLC, guntakal branch canal, BT project, upper pennar project, chennarayaswamy gudi project, tanks, bores, wells and filter point.

Farming situation in Anantapur district

S. No	Name of the farming situation	Area (ha)	Percent (%)
1	Canal irrigated black soils	7799	0.81
2	Canal irrigated red soils	21117	2.17
3	Tank irrigated black soils	4835	0.49
4	Tank irrigated red soils	18432	1.90
5	Well irrigated black soils	7921	0.81
6	Well irrigated red soils	80540	8.30
7	Rain fed black soils	110047	11.3
8	Rain fed red soils	718335	74.1
9	Problematic soils	190	0.01
	Total	969216	100

Rainfall

Anantapur district is the second lowest rainfall receiving district in the nation with a normal rainfall of 552 mm per annum out of which 57% is South West Monsoon (June to September) and 30% is from North East Monsoon (October to December). Excess rainfall during vegetative period and harvesting stage of the crop leads to low yields of groundnut and low temperatures prevailed during flowering and heavy incidence of heliocoverpa and maruca pod borer leads to crop damage during this year.

Cumulative Rainfall (mm) from May 2012 to April 2013

Period	Rain fall (mm)		% Deviation	No. of rainy days	Status
Period	Normal	Actual	% Deviation	No. of rainy days	Status
May, 2012	39.6	32.0	-17.6	04	Deficit
June, 2012	72	14.2	-80.3	01	Scanty
July, 2012	67.4	58.7	26.8	05	Normal
August, 12	88.7	109.1	22.9	05	Excess
September ,12	118.4	20.5	-27.9	01	Deficit
October, 2012	110.7	54.1	- 10.2	04	Normal
November, 2012	34.1	62.1	78.9	04	Excess
December, 2012	9.9	4.5	-64.8	0	Deficit
January, 13	1.6	0	-100	0	Deficit
February, 13	1.3	0	-100	0	Deficit
March, 2013	3.3	0	-100	0	Deficit
April, 2013	12.8	10.2	-20.3	1	Deficit
	=SUM(ABOVE) 559.8	=SUM(ABOVE) 365.4	-34.7	=SUM(ABOVE) 25	Deficit

Soils

The soils in Anantapur district are predominantly red except Kanekal, Bommanahal, Vidapanakal, Uravakonda, Vajrakarur, Guntakal, Gooty , Pamidi, Peddavadugur, Yadiki, Tadipatri, Yellanur, Peddapappur and Putlur mandals. In these mandals soils are red and black almost in equal proportion. Thus, red soils constitute 76% of the area while black soils are predominant in 24% area of the district.

Soil type

S. No	Soil type	Characteristics	Area in ha
1	Red Soils	1. Clay content low. 2. Water Holding Capacity low. 3. Shallow depth. 4. Nutrients are low	875196 (87.4%)
2	Black soils	1. Clay content high. 2. Water Holding Capacity high. 3. Shallow depth to deep. 4. Nutrients medium.	125830 (12.5%)
3	Problematic soils	1. Saline or alkaline soils 2. Needs reclamation	190 (0.1%)

Anantapur district at a glance

Geographical area	19130 sq.km
Cultivable area	10.15 lakh/ha
Revenue mandals	63
Municipalities and Towns	11
Gram Panchayats	1005
Revenue villages	964
Number of assembly constituencies	14
Number of Parliament constituencies	02

2.6. Production and productivity of livestock, Poultry, Fisheries etc. in the district (2022)

S.No	Livestock	Total Lakhs
1	Cows	5.31
2	Buffalos	3.12
3	Sheep's	53.24
4	Goats	8.78
5	Poultry	21.28
6	Pigs	0.01

NICRA Project

National Innovations on Climate Resilient Agriculture (NICRA) was first initiated at Chamaluru (v), Narpala (M) in the year 2011, later expanded to neighboring villages of Chakrayapeta and Peravali. During 2016-17 extended NICRA interventions to neighbor villages (Sivapuram, Bandameedapalli, Pothurajkalva of Singanamala Mandal). During 2022-23 newly adopted villages of Sodanapalli, East Narasapuram and Pothurajukaluva as a part of up scaling of technologies. The PRA was conducted with the invocation of staff members and addressed the gathering about the concept of NICRA and its objectives to the farmers. Constraint analysis and action plans were formulated with the active participation of stakeholders.

The major climatic and soil constraints of the villages were low and erratic rainfall, uneven distribution of rainfall, delayed monsoon, early cessation of monsoon, prolonged dry spells, shallow depth of soils, low water holding capacity, saline and alkali soils. The objectives of the NICRA project as follows:

Objectives:

To enhance the resilience of Indian agriculture to climate change through the application of improved &risk management technologies.
1. To enhance the capacity of scientists and other stakeholders in climate resilient agricultural research and its application.

To demonstrate site specific technology packages on farmers’ fields for adapting to current climate risks.

KVK introduced different interventions in crop production modules viz., short duration crops of greengram WGG-42 (50-60 days), crop diversification with castor ICH-66, contingency crop planning with white jowar (NTJ-5), setaria, cowpea (TPTC-29), multiple cropping, introduction of field bean in orchards, replacement of short duration redgram (LRG-41) with medium duration redgram (LRG-52 and PRG-176) varieties. Different successful interventions in livestock component viz., area specific mineral mixture, urea molasses blocks, introduction of kadaknath birds.

During kharif 2022, Natural resource conservation techniques like demonstration of sub-soiling with chisel plough in groundnut and redgram. Harvested water in check dams and farm ponds were utilizing for the cultivation of groundnut, sweet orange, green gram, paddy, lily and castor crops.

As the water is a scare commodity, livestock suffered from lack of green grass and fodder. Hence, demonstration of area specific mineral mixture, urea molasses blocks, and salt licks were demonstrated to increase income of the farmer. Established different fodder varieties in NICRA adopted villages.

Number of villages and their names involved in the NICRA Programme

S N	Details	Village 1	Village 2	Village 3	Village 4	Village 5	Village 6	Village 7
S N	Details	Existing villages				New Villages
1	Name of the village	Chamaluru (V), Narpala (M), Anantapur Dt	Chakraya peta (V), Singana mala (M), Ananthapur Dt	Peravali (V), Singana mala (M), Ananthapur Dt	C. Bandameeda palli (V), Singana mala (M) Ananthapur Dt	Pothuraju kaluva (V), Singana mala (M), Anantapur Dt	Sodana palli (V), Singana mala (M), Anantapur Dt	East Narasa puram (V), Singana mala (M), Anantapur Dt
2	Involved in TDC since (year)	2011	2013	2013	2017	2022	2022	2022
3	Cultivated area (ha)	2165 ha	108 ha	715 ha	612 ha	351.6 ha	977.54 ha	257.3 ha
4	Rainfed Area (ha)	1740	97	557	128 ha	238	349.4	164.9
5	Irrigated Area (ha)	425	11	158	484 ha	117.2	94.2	92.6
6	No. of households in the village	528	43	439	345	136	528	192
7	Major soil type	Red soils	Red soils	Red soils– 90%, Light black soils – 10 %.	Black soils, Red soils	Red soils & Black soils	Red soils & Black soils	Red soils & Black soils

Information about the NICRA villages and the focus of activities in these villages

Details of Villages	Existing Villages			New adopted villages
Name	Chamaluru	Peravali	Chakrayapeta	Pothurajukaluva	Sodanapalli	East Narasapuram
Year adopted in NICRA	2011	2013	2013	2022	2022	2022

Summary of interventions during 2022-23 in new adopted NICRA villages

NRM

Name of the intervention	No. of units	Area (ha)	No. of farmers
Sub-soiling with chisel plough as a climate resilient practice in dry lands	--	20	50
Conservation furrow in Groundnut and Redgram	--	4	10
Resource conservation Technologies (water bodies, farm ponds and check dams)	3	--	80
Total	73	28	140

Crop Production

Name of the intervention	Area (ha)	No. of farmers
Introduction of high yielding and improved varieties of groundnut (Kadiri lepakshi)/(K-Chitravathi)	4	10
Demonstration of improved high yielding and SMD resistant variety of Redgram (LRG-105)/ (PRG-176)	4	10
Crop diversification with improved Castor Hybrids (ICH-66)	8	20
Introduction of short duration Greengram (WGG-42)/(IPM 2-14) to escape from drought	10	25
Introduction of yellow Jowar (NTJ-5) as contingent crop	5	7
Introduction of kitchen garden kits to the farm families as an alternate income generate	--	50
Total	31	122

Livestock and fisheries

Name of the intervention	No. of units (Where ever applicable)	No. of animals benefitted	No. of farmers
Supplementation of area specific mineral mixture and Urea molasses blocks to supplement minerals for livestock productivity	60	60	30
Vaccination and De-worming in sheep and goats	--	2000	20
Introduction of backyard poultry as a secondary source of income (Kadaknath)	300	300	30
Introduction of fodder varieties (Super Napier),(CoFs-31,32)	4 ha	--	10
Development of Integrated Farming Systems in dry lands	3	--	3
Azolla as supplemental feed for live stock	10	--	10
Introduction of pisciculture in water bodies, farm ponds and check dams	3	--	6
Total	380	2360	109

Fodder production

Interventions (Fodder varieties/

Azolla/Hydroponics etc.)

No. of Units

No. of farmers

Area (ha)

Introduction of fodder varieties

Total

Capacity Building

Thematic area	No. of Courses	No. of beneficiaries
Thematic area	No. of Courses	Male	Female	Total
Natural resource management	02	38	7	45
Crop management	02	52	5	57
Pest and disease management	01	23	6	29
Total	05	113	18	131

Extension Activities

Thematic area	No. of activities	No. of beneficiaries
Thematic area	No. of activities	Male	Female	Total
Method demonstrations	02	28	4	32
Agro advisory services	43	43	3	46
Group discussions	01	23	8	31
Field Day	03	18	11	29
Total	49	112	26	138

NICRA Training programmes 2022-2023

Training programme on Groundnut (K-lepakshi) @ 01.07.22

Training programme on Redgram (PRG-176) @ 06.07.22

Training programme on Jowar seed distribution under NICRA @ 05.11.22

SMS (CP) & SMS (Extn) distributed Green gram (WGG-42) to farmers of adopted villages under NICRA Scheme on 03.09.22.

PC & SMS(CP) organized training programme on management aspects of castor & distributed castor (ICH-66) to selected farmers under NICRA scheme on 27.07.22.

PC & SMS(CP) organized training programme on Kitchen Garden kits & distributed to selected farmers under NICRA scheme on 14.08.2022

SMS(H.Sc) & SMS(Ext) organized training programme on Drumstick seedings distributed to SC selected farmers under NICRA scheme on 14.08.2022

SC-SUB PLAN

Under SC- Sub Plan, Training programmes, seed distributions, Nutri garden kits & 100 battery sprayers were distributed to Chapatla, Cherlopalli, Lingareddipalli, Raghavampalli villages in Ananthapuramu dist..

Training on greengram Training on ICM in bengalgram

Battery Sprayers distribution Dryroot rot management

Training on ICM in groundnut Training on organic methods

PINK BOLLWORM MANAGEMENT PROJECT

Pink bollworm management sponsored by IICR (July 2022-March 2023) in location- Sunkesalapalli, pasaluru, Peddapappuru mandal with an extent of 50 acres. 25 acres (Mating Distruption Technology), 25 acres (Integrated Resistance management),

5 acres (Control plot) and benefitted farmers were 37.

NATURAL FARMING PROJECT

Under natural farming 8 demonstrations were given in sweet orange, pomegranate, banana, grapes, tomato, chilli, groundnut in chapatla and uppanesinapalli villages in Ananthapramu dist..

AGRICULTURE DRONE PROJECT

The demonstrations were carried out in 165 acres with coverage of cotton, paddy, tomato, groundnut, banana, tomato, sweet orange, redgram and bengalgram for the benefit of 44 farmers. The technology was transferred to 845 farmers.

S.No	Crop demonstrated	Date	Details
S.No	Crop demonstrated	Date	Place	Area (acres)	Beneficiaries	Technology transferred
1	Cotton	29.08 .2022	Sukesulapalle, Ananthapuramu dist	30	7	152
2	Tomato, Paddy and Groundnut	29.09.2022	Reddipalli	15	2	35
3	Paddy	17.10.2022	KVK Farm	10	0	284
4	Mosambi and Redgram	07.11.2022	Lingareddipalli, Sri Sathya Sai Dist	20	4	25
5	Bengalgram	28.12.2022	Peddaavulapalli, Roddam, Sri Sathya Sai Dist	30	5	155
6	Groundnut	09.01.2023	Yeddulavaripalli, Sri Sathya Sai Dist	30	12	123
7	Banana	27.01.2023	Nilareddipalli, Ananthapuramu dist	30	2	9
8	Groundnut, Castor and Pomegranate	10.03.2023	Uppanesinapalle and Chigicherla	20	5	29
9	Groundnut, Mosambi and Mango	14.03.2023	Pasaluru	19	7	32
Total				165	44	845

Agril.Drone demonstrations in various crops

National Food Security Mission : This project was implemented in 1000 ha 684 farmers of Tummala, Mallenipalli, Chamaluru, Chekrayapeta villages for pigeonpea. In addition to pigeonpea seed, prophenophos, single super phosphate and pheromone traps were distributed. An average productivity of 140 kg/acre was obtained.

Please see details

National Initative On Climate Resilient Agriculture :This project is implemented in Chamulru and Chakrayapeta villages this project implements activities on Natural Resource manangement, Water and Labour saving technologies, Water conservation techniques, capacity building and institutional interventions were carried out at village level.

Technology Demonstration on Pulses : under this project complete package of practices in redgram and bengalgram were demonstrated each in 30 acres to improve the pulses productivity

Rastriya Krishi Vikas Yojana : Under this project Integrated Farming Systems “Field Testing and Popularizing Integrated Farming (Farming System Approaches) for sustainable livelihoods” are demonstrated with 25 farmers on different farming systems.

Current Activities

1. To conduct On Farm Trials in collaboration with Research Stations, for On Farm Testing, refining and documenting and developing location specific technologies

2. To organize Front Line Demonstration in various crops to generate production data and feed back information as well as building confidence in technologies and among farming community and grass root extension functionaries.

3. To organize long term and short term vocational training course in Agriculture and allied fields for farming community and grass root extension functionaries.

4. To organize other extension activities like advisory service through farm and home interaction meetings, Field Visits, Exhibitions, Fields Days, Rythu Sadassus, Diagnostic Surveys, production of need based literature for educating the farming community in particular and society at large.

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Unique Features of KVK

Indian Council Of Agricultural Research

ACHARYA N.G.RANGA AGRICULTURAL UNIVERSITY

KRISHI VIGYAN KENDRA

REDDIPALLI-515 701

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Anantapur district at a glance

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